MEDICAL ABORTION PROCEDURES: TYPES, SIDE EFFECTS AND RISKS
Medical abortion is the use of medications to terminate a pregnancy. This procedure doesn’t require surgery or anesthesia. It can also be taken in the hospital or at home, but ensure you have a medical clinic close by in case of an emergency.
It is more effective and safer if the medication is used during the first trimester of pregnancy. Ensure you are emotionally and psychologically ready before using this medication. You should also be aware of the risk, side effects, and complications that may surface.
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Types of Medical Abortion Procedures
There are two kinds of medical abortion procedures.
Methotrexate & Misoprostol (MTX):
The MTX abortion procedure is effective if used in the first 49 days of pregnancy. In this procedure, your gynecologist will offer you methotrexate when you visit the clinic and after 3-7 days, you will follow it up with misoprostol which you can take orally or vaginally. Antibiotics should be taken to prevent infections. This procedure will expel the fetus through contraction which might last for a few hours or days.
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Risks and Side Effects:
• The risks and side effects associated with the MTX abortion procedure are –
• Nausea, cramping, fever, vomiting, diarrhea and excessive bleeding
• There is a 5% chance of failure which will need you to follow up with a surgical abortion.
• Complications may arise especially with women who have a chronic disease such as liver or kidney disease.
Mifepristone (Mifeprex) and Misoprostol:
In this procedure, the gynecologist will administer mifepristone which is followed by a misoprostol tablet that will start the contraction in the uterus to expel the fetus. Progesterone is inhibited in the uterus lining, hence prohibiting the continuity of the pregnancy.
Risks and Side Effects:
• If you have ovarian mass, high blood pressure, or other chronic diseases, you should refrain from this procedure.
• There is a possibility of failure which is between 8-10%
• Infections, cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can also be a part of the side effects.
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